{"id":"W2101974896","doi":"10.1142/s1363919607001631","title":"THE POWER OF NON-CONTRACTUAL INNOVATION","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Innovation Management","topic":"Digital Platforms and Economics","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"National Cancer Institute; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Normative; Core (optical fiber); Forcing (mathematics); Business; Open innovation; Renting; Publishing; Industrial organization; Marketing; Telecommunications; Knowledge management; Computer science; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02361138,0.0004137624,0.0006377177,0.002227749,0.006655504,0.01496777,0.002539683,0.00433129,0.005146865],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03472946,0.0005815446,0.0008735121,0.001799132,0.05092456,0.01886918,0.008898842,0.00565427,0.000763921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006663902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0076329,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002220236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001573093,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9810495,0.008343604,0.0006568244,0.002546925,0.005582523,0.001820634],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9491832,0.03342578,0.003268086,0.008972255,0.003162642,0.001987957],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003994813,0.000005668009,0.0001257044,0.00000931564,0.000001973315,0.00002774389,0.0006416873,0.0002962149,0.00003501398,0.9966998,0.0001423399,0.002010463],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001139336,0.000008491123,0.0001480906,0.00002978799,0.000002576767,0.00004359726,0.000414376,0.001480548,0.000100172,0.9910526,0.006700765,0.000007515777],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1273205,0.002078763,0.1548862,0.03171192,0.0002399869,0.0001875832,0.00006988746,0.000170335,0.6833348],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9856205,0.0004270093,0.00543685,0.0004858514,0.0001265005,0.0001383604,0.00001641695,0.00003153373,0.007716921],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02361138,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1248704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01303857948537619,"score_gpt":0.2485648824954078,"score_spread":0.2355263030100317,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}