{"id":"W2102617547","doi":"10.4319/lo.2002.47.5.1273","title":"The volume scattering function of natural bubble populations","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Limnology and Oceanography","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":110,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Office of Naval Research","keywords":"Scattering; Bubble; Materials science; Volume (thermodynamics); Mie scattering; Distribution function; Optics; Light scattering; Physics; Mechanics; Computational physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000668177,0.00005260761,0.00007057175,0.00006408146,0.0002483885,0.00001806997,0.00006526549,0.00003833607,0.0003139861],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005866917,0.00003513167,0.00003805773,0.0001676184,0.0001062026,0.00008689272,0.000009547692,0.00007754788,0.00002426405],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":2.456568e-7,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001407197,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001973244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001996701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995846,0.00002895336,0.0001168493,0.000090695,0.00004947334,0.0001294504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997903,0.00003415372,0.00004561013,0.00008990683,0.000015059,0.00002493576],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001069281,0.000003609421,0.9463067,0.000006781805,0.00001377092,4.833699e-7,0.0000344663,0.00001704826,0.000006380477,0.0004001925,0.000736048,0.05246384],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008748152,0.0001030314,0.9720996,0.000003969883,0.00001148358,0.00001102453,0.0001044694,0.007607597,0.000005586628,0.001118826,0.01879309,0.00005380585],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883276,0.003590817,0.00003051791,0.0004372584,0.0005447973,0.00005181975,0.000007230756,0.00002205294,0.006987953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990088,0.0001683544,0.00003577699,0.00007188742,0.0000411112,3.946165e-7,0.0000131505,9.861058e-7,0.0006595608],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05241004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3437927,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01221065769142757,"score_gpt":0.1758801816466479,"score_spread":0.1636695239552203,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}