{"id":"W2103972622","doi":"10.1109/icccas.2009.5250313","title":"Automatic formal verification of software: Fundamental concepts","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Formal Methods in Verification","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Formal methods; Software verification; Software engineering; Verification and validation; Formal verification; Software; Software construction; Programming language; Software development; Formal specification; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006313464,0.001074732,0.0009963068,0.002427968,0.001324098,0.004085015,0.002661902,0.002431424,0.002901011],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01204411,0.0009835173,0.001734085,0.001822972,0.01028542,0.008932174,0.002818915,0.00433866,0.001801175],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001983516,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003044377,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001077607,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000432602,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946117,0.001305416,0.0004756711,0.0008731981,0.002455728,0.0002782605],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9925964,0.004994335,0.0004494335,0.001142103,0.0006809602,0.0001367427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002016127,0.0000428382,0.0001743601,0.0005478402,0.00001933155,0.00007487477,0.0003743678,0.004781819,0.002627031,0.9360428,0.00220029,0.05309427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002393689,0.00003053263,0.0001036508,0.0002603114,0.0000130384,0.0001906787,0.00004912787,0.01042644,0.002417401,0.9427342,0.04372203,0.00002855161],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.00274186,0.01081599,0.9747243,0.001902238,0.000373984,0.0001155753,0.0001095233,0.0006248812,0.008591645],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1590046,0.02328525,0.8056469,0.001413493,0.002650124,0.0008574834,0.00053598,0.0004011871,0.006205038],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006313464,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03338915,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02356828466377058,"score_gpt":0.3209188483977244,"score_spread":0.2973505637339538,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}