{"id":"W2104823477","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00420.x","title":"Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Snow‐Covered Environments","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geography Compass","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":236,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Biogeochemical cycle; Ecosystem; Snow; Nutrient cycle; Interception; Cycling; Carbon cycle; Precipitation; Soil carbon; Nitrogen cycle; Hydrology (agriculture); Vegetation (pathology); Atmospheric sciences; Ecology; Nitrogen; Soil water; Soil science; Geography; Chemistry; Forestry; Geology; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007552415,0.0000827211,0.0001124773,0.0000428658,0.00008193136,0.00001206678,0.00007940107,0.00002690986,0.0002779365],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005390249,0.00007472708,0.00003419807,0.0001800743,0.0000600341,0.00005367079,0.0000147535,0.00006271424,0.000009409941],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001337235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003083484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00956974,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0030718,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994012,0.00002039036,0.0001283985,0.0001618717,0.00009236271,0.0001957606],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997657,0.00004361081,0.00003420049,0.00009955567,0.000003375639,0.00005357905],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009080316,0.00001292363,0.9934227,0.00000181403,0.00001587826,0.00000358606,0.0002486074,0.00005286758,0.000002881033,0.0000148113,0.00001559193,0.006199237],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002054662,0.00003215983,0.9950965,0.00000643794,0.000008520011,9.436851e-7,0.0002654513,0.001675565,0.0000137236,0.001322454,0.001279426,0.00009336531],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9930608,0.001238279,0.00001780079,0.00002902779,0.0001097227,0.00008471435,0.00001428941,0.00001259847,0.005432714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989454,0.0002498809,0.000669056,0.00008755235,0.00002087418,0.00000171873,0.00001589456,0.000001704777,0.000007965331],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00649794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02251621206569622,"score_gpt":0.1885904458697169,"score_spread":0.1660742338040207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}