{"id":"W2105146684","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1008908","title":"Thinking About Technology: Applying a Cognitive Lens to Technical Change","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cognition; Lens (geology); Psychology; Cognitive science; Engineering ethics; Engineering; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001342903,0.0002117018,0.0002148619,0.001107564,0.0008612266,0.000154735,0.0004487198,0.0001123636,0.00004226889],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001582908,0.0001969765,0.00008717272,0.001658585,0.00006942444,0.0006246325,0.0003110444,0.001444663,0.0007659314],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003896538,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000180408,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000250235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002584803,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972153,0.000009042566,0.0003350487,0.0002817779,0.0003850075,0.001773812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992409,0.00001437947,0.0002138492,0.0001497199,0.000367314,0.00001389004],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003453027,0.00007501515,0.006613017,0.00001490756,0.00005971406,0.00002564896,0.00008736442,4.7946e-7,0.0001420711,0.9695077,0.0005527046,0.02288687],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003509408,0.0002505107,0.008361963,0.0005482022,0.0002325604,0.001029234,0.01605665,0.0003702223,0.0001307359,0.7292261,0.2387558,0.001528644],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1183276,0.001998886,0.01710408,0.01870534,0.0009386397,0.002391681,0.000002034399,0.001196739,0.839335],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9916358,0.0003069787,0.0001498362,0.004876565,0.001904449,0.0001203965,0.000007156765,0.00003978407,0.0009590545],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8733081,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9844754,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03031866155592653,"score_gpt":0.2519905524687045,"score_spread":0.221671890912778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}