{"id":"W2105415774","doi":"10.1142/s0219877010002045","title":"TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF EFFORTS TO ENHANCE INNOVATIVENESS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Universidad de Navarra","keywords":"Scope (computer science); Investment (military); Scale (ratio); Business; European union; Industrial organization; Marketing; Computer science; International trade; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003349986,0.00005704169,0.0001303192,0.00146752,0.00001974084,0.00001831955,0.0004314712,0.00004015059,0.00001427115],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002273226,0.00005048714,0.00001374388,0.001109314,0.0000752861,0.0001098908,0.0001011812,0.0002361818,0.000006724919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000220231,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006898962,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005170997,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008672427,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990165,0.00001875398,0.0007178518,0.0001254392,0.00004806648,0.0000734473],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990823,0.00001894973,0.0005293375,0.0001334144,0.0002279864,0.000007958343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009372943,0.0001020875,0.04231645,0.000007003872,0.00001904475,0.000009394986,0.00006121073,0.000007844132,0.002413315,0.8958099,0.0001393192,0.05910505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001229979,0.000328875,0.5398878,0.0001029518,0.00000668854,0.0001543234,0.0003304361,0.00006588611,0.01282146,0.3309274,0.1138541,0.0002900917],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9429327,0.00003209534,0.02869626,0.01288327,0.0005115837,0.000114266,0.000004053985,0.000006693666,0.01481907],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9974625,0.00001937152,0.00220391,0.0002195727,0.00005060334,0.000003887966,0.000001732518,0.000003985843,0.00003449614],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5648825,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2058806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01248579552395025,"score_gpt":0.2564525916681187,"score_spread":0.2439667961441685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}