{"id":"W2106214072","doi":"10.5539/ies.v5n3p134","title":"The Effect of Using Vocabulary Flash Card on Iranian Pre-University Students’ Vocabulary Knowledge","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":82,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Vocabulary; Homogeneous; Psychology; Flash (photography); Mathematics education; Treatment and control groups; Vocabulary development; Vocabulary learning; Significant difference; Teaching method; Computer science; Linguistics; Mathematics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005270737,0.000117688,0.0001492186,0.0001420732,0.0002276567,0.0000193347,0.0002855795,0.00004625048,0.0007881964],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002488678,0.00009102041,0.00008931953,0.0001186226,0.0001002056,0.0001143839,0.00009069454,0.000142763,0.0002259118],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001587956,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000034127,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004447955,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005421925,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998946,0.0003329225,0.0001763878,0.0001542814,0.0002265716,0.0001638612],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998715,0.0005844624,0.0001464395,0.0002015382,0.0003047003,0.00004783483],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009896491,0.001104246,0.7770866,0.0000729838,0.003356845,0.000009125422,0.0904315,0.0000660282,0.0004157631,0.008913218,0.04507931,0.07247471],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001488666,0.0002814938,0.6468057,0.0001790932,0.0001993635,0.00004326249,0.04598894,0.00003013461,0.0006388697,0.00003678133,0.3040164,0.000291296],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9653555,0.01285204,0.00004735631,0.000186439,0.007567059,0.0001624494,0.00000570775,0.0000273073,0.01379614],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9870513,0.00004157643,0.00005217311,0.0003039076,0.0005992019,0.00001156853,0.00001310439,0.00001182855,0.01191533],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2589371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8630198,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03836133416652591,"score_gpt":0.4300447959882481,"score_spread":0.3916834618217221,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}