{"id":"W2108638882","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0406930101","title":"The influence of large-scale wind power on global climate","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Wind Energy Research and Development","field":"Engineering","cited_by":329,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Environmental science; Wind power; Atmospheric sciences; Climate model; Meteorology; Planetary boundary layer; Boundary layer; Climate change; Scale (ratio); Renewable energy; Climatology; Wind speed; Turbulence; Geology; Geography; Mechanics; Engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008071067,0.00005813326,0.00007387149,0.00004262108,0.0001533889,0.00001542318,0.0005700571,0.00003863488,0.000002801714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001608767,0.00003215288,0.00003523699,0.000506926,0.000372422,0.0001927043,0.00008661677,0.00009282413,0.000002151976],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005072912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000300384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002091244,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.92438e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985585,0.000001574228,0.0001925686,0.00009171503,0.000962782,0.0001929216],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997066,0.00004024589,0.00007768068,0.000006889435,0.0001376235,0.00003093326],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005754465,0.0001009014,0.02119154,0.0001407745,0.00005119866,1.968245e-8,0.0006755838,0.3645945,0.1325687,0.479131,0.001084924,0.0004032613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002700206,0.00006353571,0.7348385,0.0001635846,0.000002629875,0.000003454514,0.0002449743,0.0005111192,0.2007789,0.06241058,0.0006228729,0.00008984491],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9835811,0.00006611522,4.357678e-7,0.001007906,0.00001385302,0.00005543677,0.00001322447,0.00001013593,0.01525175],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99942,0.00005513604,0.0004205732,0.00007213159,0.00001450688,0.00000257721,2.882429e-8,0.000001903791,0.00001312807],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7136469,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1372204,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01374921004824652,"score_gpt":0.2797794509653641,"score_spread":0.2660302409171176,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}