{"id":"W2110128425","doi":"10.1093/ajae/aap012","title":"The Value of the Initial Payment of the Canadian Wheat Board as a Signaling Device","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","topic":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Institut de Recherche et de Développement en Agroenvironnement","funders":"","keywords":"Competitor analysis; Payment; Incentive; Business; Value (mathematics); Complete information; Signaling game; Microeconomics; Commerce; Industrial organization; Economics; Marketing; Finance; Mathematics; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008779131,0.0002254464,0.0006204164,0.00007937274,0.0004015784,0.0001209294,0.001334516,0.0001015914,0.00004026408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001800247,0.0001090772,0.0005946312,0.0002628834,0.0005074246,0.0002661463,0.0001352991,0.0006298907,0.0000148056],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002330962,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002962068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01811184,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06930526,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979073,0.00005536656,0.001402464,0.0002082805,0.00006277188,0.0003637642],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960219,0.0002394557,0.002934512,0.0004057875,0.0001990559,0.0001992612],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004207802,0.0004543316,0.1703016,0.00008324996,0.003201276,0.000006114631,0.006970332,0.00983754,0.01333881,0.7674553,0.01153956,0.0163911],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001319167,0.000841161,0.8683014,0.0001190343,0.0001730473,0.0003506531,0.005239738,0.000100948,0.01801884,0.0173371,0.08736992,0.0008289694],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9805279,0.000323364,0.000001254653,0.008276695,0.001622353,0.0002117274,0.00007167316,0.000002765748,0.008962302],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983304,0.0002594628,0.0002361855,0.0006350057,0.0003689789,0.000004335209,0.000001624718,0.00001410487,0.0001499212],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7501182,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9884266,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00978389913814647,"score_gpt":0.1982479999537072,"score_spread":0.1884641008155607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}