{"id":"W2110388478","doi":"10.3386/w9598","title":"Intellectual Property &amp; External Consumption Effects: Generalizations from Pharmaceutical Markets","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Consumption (sociology); Intellectual property; Property (philosophy); Business; Industrial organization; Microeconomics; Economics; Commerce; Monetary economics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003275136,0.001136171,0.001285317,0.002270539,0.001459682,0.004023535,0.001810782,0.003346455,0.02481673],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009118302,0.0005515545,0.003248848,0.002144994,0.005620492,0.006369667,0.004546906,0.004222259,0.001411778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002968093,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001434783,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002937847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00184706,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983157,0.0005711553,0.00007673426,0.0003062739,0.0004738377,0.0002562949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937179,0.003798276,0.0009927435,0.0007197074,0.0005039565,0.0002674582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003398777,0.00008806933,0.0004931304,0.0001628707,0.000030229,0.0002786639,0.0001318499,0.01092732,0.0003790462,0.9728199,0.003254663,0.01140042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003674063,0.00003519835,0.0004728894,0.00007697198,0.00002006789,0.0001234567,0.00004933141,0.01292858,0.0002745466,0.9735314,0.01243155,0.00001930886],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.07592086,0.01559755,0.2503668,0.02050039,0.0007409152,0.000384292,0.00107905,0.0003693892,0.6350408],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8944852,0.01241136,0.02512622,0.004553786,0.00193314,0.0004584961,0.0003618669,0.0002554486,0.0604145],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02481673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08302021,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5935807885117556,"score_gpt":0.537475263079884,"score_spread":0.05610552543187153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}