{"id":"W2110875227","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1401816111","title":"Some inconvenient truths about biosignatures involving two chemical species on Earth-like exoplanets","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","keywords":"Exoplanet; Planet; Astrobiology; Disequilibrium; Atmosphere (unit); Spectral resolution; Physics; Earth (classical element); Astronomy; Astrophysics; Spectral line; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004584826,0.0003949262,0.0004027883,0.0008728236,0.001411335,0.002003209,0.001494931,0.00241806,0.001874831],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02297774,0.0003922753,0.0003763601,0.0004463005,0.006052537,0.004345316,0.001635945,0.002542586,0.0003724305],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000449094,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001542055,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005447195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005434047,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981676,0.0005561343,0.0001365893,0.0004585673,0.0005388159,0.0001422394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9882604,0.007751131,0.001380379,0.001601169,0.0006638773,0.0003431083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001794221,0.0001944096,0.3904643,0.0008354235,0.0004288629,0.01324054,0.006841401,0.01573287,0.1202956,0.2942483,0.01276565,0.1431585],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000170898,0.0005085537,0.1637616,0.0004561725,0.0002404683,0.02707475,0.00734328,0.03033282,0.1274874,0.5943649,0.04796822,0.0002908779],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8762069,0.006068792,0.06814362,0.02425685,0.0005398259,0.00001801284,0.0002238164,0.0005739923,0.02396818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9849532,0.0007770563,0.0118632,0.001353627,0.0002304012,0.000005941652,0.00004794248,0.00004097532,0.0007277143],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004584826,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02424711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02339348049287798,"score_gpt":0.259724777539477,"score_spread":0.2363312970465991,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}