{"id":"W2111413143","doi":"10.4171/jems/799","title":"The frequency and the structure of large character sums","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the European Mathematical Society","topic":"Analytic Number Theory Research","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics; Character (mathematics); Pure mathematics; Geometry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007424722,0.0001511232,0.0003638386,0.00001135607,0.0004723722,0.00008943633,0.001092745,0.00004877388,0.000215187],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002447499,0.00005205365,0.0005013962,0.0001648023,0.001596706,0.00008559044,0.0004290367,0.0006547305,0.00002295218],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003193724,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004359911,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":5.956107e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001505165,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969742,0.001167474,0.0007467804,0.0001005694,0.0007143875,0.0002965998],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995937,0.002315101,0.0007155995,0.000591716,0.0003541585,0.00008641302],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001124313,0.0001572538,0.0004098782,0.000230506,0.0007286378,0.000005244663,0.01064613,1.346102e-7,0.004505692,0.9644855,0.0181034,0.0006152008],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001165239,0.00005738057,0.001151615,0.000167163,0.0001862371,0.0001738685,0.001226351,0.0002902072,0.0008457975,0.9930482,0.001600495,0.00008747172],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9549314,0.0003255862,0.007310719,0.00906872,0.0003968102,0.0006140181,0.0000231332,0.00002106044,0.02730851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9936337,0.0000542657,0.003373645,0.0002803405,0.0006783862,3.373805e-7,9.578741e-8,0.00003874086,0.001940478],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03870227,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5883129,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02538037238863615,"score_gpt":0.3136816306685567,"score_spread":0.2883012582799205,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}