{"id":"W2112116392","doi":"10.5194/bg-12-4939-2015","title":"Reconsidering the role of carbonate ion concentration in calcification by marine organisms","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biogeosciences","topic":"Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":96,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; University of Victoria","keywords":"Ocean acidification; Carbonate; Bicarbonate; Calcium carbonate; Calcification; Chemistry; Biogeochemical cycle; Alkalinity; Seawater; Total inorganic carbon; Salinity; Saturation (graph theory); Calcium; Carbon dioxide; Environmental chemistry; Oceanography; Mineralogy; Geology; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006630212,0.00005437423,0.00006826532,0.00004075247,0.00006491772,0.00003780335,0.0001610809,0.00002820892,0.0000993132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000122429,0.00003223405,0.00001276162,0.0003539616,0.0001857771,0.0001509897,0.00000724178,0.0000375068,0.00001664825],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004536791,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007783891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003606669,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001160616,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992667,0.0001071632,0.0001635757,0.0001413933,0.000200144,0.0001209641],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999609,0.0001088245,0.00009257504,0.0001011245,0.0000363776,0.00005211812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002412069,0.00001456595,0.9420119,0.000002467805,0.000001535868,4.525299e-7,0.0007510468,0.0001987508,0.01873138,0.0001968668,0.0001056036,0.03796131],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002253452,0.0001477701,0.8478893,0.00001063962,0.000004573302,0.000006784467,0.003476422,0.02987076,0.1072817,0.002862238,0.008085991,0.0001385356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942701,0.0007460123,0.00001517087,0.0004564787,0.0002005352,0.0001263704,0.00002012078,0.00001232163,0.004152839],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996706,0.00006658078,0.0001157167,0.00003763833,0.00002031278,6.85072e-7,0.00002815646,9.281894e-7,0.00005942784],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09412261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5452229,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03803537589803557,"score_gpt":0.2154069290852574,"score_spread":0.1773715531872218,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}