{"id":"W2113286851","doi":"10.5267/j.msl.2012.11.003","title":"The examination of signaling theory versus pecking order theory: Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Management Science Letters","topic":"Islamic Finance and Banking Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Islamic Azad University","keywords":"Pecking order theory; Order (exchange); Stock exchange; Econometrics; Stock (firearms); Pecking order; Psychology; Economics; Capital structure; Finance; Engineering; Debt; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005571999,0.0001720996,0.0001415697,0.0002562268,0.0009823206,0.0002953256,0.0007822185,0.00002084816,0.00005421232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003547352,0.0001230969,0.00005137816,0.001149306,0.0006008694,0.002283486,0.0005218377,0.00009523661,0.00006147745],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006700187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000003444405,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006584387,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001032347,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981477,0.00005377561,0.0002315278,0.000316276,0.0006949493,0.0005558224],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988101,0.0004713071,0.0002770009,0.0003690031,0.00006772202,0.000004924195],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002232489,0.00009491428,0.02441289,0.0002836603,0.0001582348,0.000007368639,0.004904498,0.0002616358,0.01395821,0.4054648,0.00210603,0.5481245],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001789841,0.0000437935,0.9498444,0.00126367,0.0006187028,4.463343e-7,0.009717538,0.002462488,0.002544121,0.01360865,0.01692307,0.001183255],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9795636,0.0005628273,0.009634477,0.001922632,0.001604105,0.0003541381,6.014089e-7,0.00007155785,0.006286083],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971828,0.00005318865,0.0003883821,0.001536761,0.0006206322,0.00003701465,0.000002108966,0.00001361617,0.0001655166],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9254315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7555315,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03092285813762629,"score_gpt":0.2474695761873657,"score_spread":0.2165467180497394,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}