{"id":"W2113386367","doi":"10.1109/tvcg.2008.109","title":"A Framework of Interaction Costs in Information Visualization","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","topic":"Data Visualization and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Visualization; Usability; Human–computer interaction; Data visualization; Risk analysis (engineering); Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002037878,0.0001878048,0.0002280468,0.001064397,0.0001839489,0.0001100799,0.000257294,0.0001499543,0.00001410071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001439621,0.0002009898,0.00006887842,0.001885524,0.0000864266,0.001774698,0.000008301123,0.0001751915,0.00001098547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005173095,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005910333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004042722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001975802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984202,0.0001380863,0.0006152296,0.0002687411,0.0003831449,0.0001745671],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989856,0.0001257893,0.0002369854,0.0003081236,0.0002520089,0.00009150145],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002407385,0.0003468087,0.0006610886,0.0000496445,0.00002288597,0.000002550936,0.002762967,0.002004829,0.000008847723,0.9858146,0.0001712363,0.008130482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00056865,0.0001985451,0.001420016,0.0001392235,0.000008842499,0.00002602253,0.00007489255,0.9941509,0.001520811,0.0007342441,0.0009398652,0.0002180184],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01462273,0.00001335339,0.9843799,0.00003513367,0.0005103722,0.0001993326,0.00001143406,0.0001489046,0.00007883214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956375,0.0006628744,0.002502668,0.001096583,0.00002296003,0.00001365298,0.00003859995,0.00001190706,0.00001328904],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.992146,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8196126,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02311717961259453,"score_gpt":0.3027173949095378,"score_spread":0.2796002152969433,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}