{"id":"W2113460682","doi":"10.5539/ies.v4n3p80","title":"An Investigation of Critical Reading in Reading Textbooks: A Qualitative Analysis","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reading (process); Critical thinking; Critical reading; Cornerstone; Reading motivation; Panacea (medicine); Psychology; Mathematics education; Task (project management); Computer science; Linguistics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001453907,0.00007532519,0.0001694414,0.0005359883,0.0001633301,0.00002871929,0.0001938291,0.00004386885,0.0002677986],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003253519,0.00007829753,0.00004872854,0.0006434727,0.0004739743,0.0003801278,0.00002062733,0.00008059492,0.0000136565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002765782,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004236176,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001996731,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006753646,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998534,0.0003635759,0.0003916643,0.0002027433,0.0003731819,0.0001348601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9975231,0.0005274055,0.0001043529,0.0000975756,0.001663749,0.00008375925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005379704,0.0001487481,0.04838483,0.000008498499,0.0001102506,1.914037e-7,0.5583461,9.079555e-7,0.00003540236,0.3918411,0.0001220424,0.0009965275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006234308,0.00001922349,0.07543632,0.00008676155,0.00007064012,2.260789e-7,0.666893,0.00001928248,0.0003412401,0.256415,0.000533484,0.0001225214],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9562017,0.0001892904,0.0011428,0.006913223,0.002128561,0.0001356431,0.000005058625,0.00004828944,0.03323546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817232,0.00006281631,0.01684722,0.0004806158,0.00009723421,0.00006549593,0.00001393795,0.000004544897,0.0007049165],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1354262,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3895001,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2245576468544687,"score_gpt":0.5413860954969884,"score_spread":0.3168284486425196,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}