{"id":"W2113858561","doi":"10.1002/esp.2103","title":"Bedload: a granular phenomenon","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":108,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Bed load; Hyperconcentrated flow; Geology; Fluvial; Granular material; Sediment transport; Sediment; Flow (mathematics); Geotechnical engineering; Geomorphology; Mechanics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001344503,0.0001538423,0.0002611517,0.0004927684,0.0004264113,0.001616684,0.0003023637,0.0005188331,0.002797717],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006655367,0.0001323122,0.0001501773,0.0005218573,0.00137488,0.001351616,0.0008042771,0.0003602351,0.000387511],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004187594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001554097,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006294579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004697178,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998642,0.00001549078,0.000009224748,0.00003739045,0.00004732622,0.0000264338],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996573,0.0001083306,0.00008345401,0.00004410162,0.00005137536,0.00005557046],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005246444,0.0001356871,0.03593209,0.001281225,0.0001164957,0.009624758,0.00327971,0.02549619,0.1644368,0.5614624,0.01167968,0.1860303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001292124,0.0003993675,0.1335564,0.0004043489,0.0001621945,0.008270878,0.002855192,0.1243502,0.04934303,0.5585091,0.121846,0.0001740852],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8339251,0.009384792,0.0922606,0.002164864,0.0004901211,0.00006124262,0.0003598135,0.000819272,0.06053426],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930865,0.001026509,0.001808946,0.0001183823,0.0001338834,0.000009454418,0.00006340085,0.00002198933,0.00373081],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002797717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0093593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004527773398664245,"score_gpt":0.1928990640436672,"score_spread":0.188371290645003,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}