{"id":"W2115034211","doi":"10.1002/pssc.200674277","title":"Light extraction study of LED using ray tracing computer simulation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physica status solidi. C, Conferences and critical reviews/Physica status solidi. C, Current topics in solid state physics","topic":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Crosslight Software (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Ray tracing (physics); Light-emitting diode; Optics; Semiconductor; Tracing; Optoelectronics; Coating; Extraction (chemistry); Power (physics); Materials science; Computer science; Physics; Nanotechnology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005000078,0.0009269534,0.001872309,0.0002093613,0.0002643251,0.0002591518,0.0003341035,0.0001508003,0.00002234833],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001400316,0.000858503,0.0003264,0.0008305487,0.0002533894,0.00102279,0.0001743629,0.001034705,0.00001384929],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002207621,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001417404,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001353149,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001085369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943941,0.0002795977,0.001841912,0.0009659956,0.0007755082,0.001742858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970251,0.0009403148,0.0003631001,0.00062911,0.0004440694,0.0005983211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004264644,0.009866813,0.007588847,0.007874963,0.0006531079,0.00007297367,0.03495485,0.1957344,0.02276116,0.03313609,0.0002739218,0.6866564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003049731,0.001136038,0.006656801,0.00202211,0.0006420432,0.000003220886,0.003700445,0.9484299,0.006900759,0.01520119,0.009819328,0.002438415],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9105209,0.004724943,0.08036935,0.00004132682,0.001767175,0.001540725,0.0001040615,0.0001827613,0.0007488285],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911175,0.006634686,0.001043323,0.00003311718,0.0009755333,0.0000518018,0.00004868572,0.00009001863,0.00000536232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7526956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993865,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06518286163377239,"score_gpt":0.3804337790310049,"score_spread":0.3152509173972325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}