{"id":"W2115433267","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.112.131101","title":"Constraints on Cosmic Strings from the LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Detectors","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":89,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; Perimeter Institute; University of Toronto","funders":"Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Australian Research Council; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Industry Canada; Govern de les Illes Balears; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej; National Science Foundation; Royal Society; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; Scottish Funding Council; Institut des Origines de Lyon; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; Science and Technology Facilities Council; National Research Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund; Leverhulme Trust; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; David and Lucile Packard Foundation","keywords":"Cosmic string; Physics; LIGO; Gravitational wave; Cosmic microwave background; COSMIC cancer database; String (physics); Astrophysics; Astronomy; Gravitational-wave observatory; Pulsar; Theoretical physics; Quantum mechanics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001023939,0.0003584187,0.000480531,0.001522103,0.0003342824,0.001194975,0.000496486,0.0005799436,0.001652791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009170367,0.0002068778,0.0002316299,0.00189765,0.0005502583,0.001268686,0.00096301,0.0005524326,0.0004064049],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005888476,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003808302,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00270074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005835389,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990065,0.0002689675,0.000109465,0.0001777024,0.0003169366,0.000120549],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955527,0.002066015,0.001467966,0.0005539148,0.0002295332,0.0001298175],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004586962,0.00008281494,0.794781,0.0005138246,0.000242067,0.0005705095,0.0007057459,0.01020226,0.03624026,0.04450895,0.004108251,0.1075856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003628773,0.0001343924,0.911025,0.0001769755,0.0001387062,0.0007011509,0.0004076413,0.02109286,0.01264304,0.03242008,0.02112646,0.00009736377],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9663236,0.003112755,0.008053318,0.0008132631,0.00002771886,0.00001519609,0.002239599,0.0001349074,0.01927957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994903,0.0007416932,0.00254041,0.00009782115,0.00003095081,0.00001471827,0.00132113,0.000009797374,0.0003404866],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00270074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005529106,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01319567981783621,"score_gpt":0.2654658442089737,"score_spread":0.2522701643911375,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}