{"id":"W2116078007","doi":"10.1111/j.1121-7081.2004.00265.x","title":"Do the Falling Earnings of Immigrants Apply to Self‐employed Immigrants?","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Labour","topic":"Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Immigration; Demographic economics; Census; Falling (accident); Native-Born; Convergence (economics); Economics; Labour economics; Geography; Demography; Sociology; Economic growth; Psychology; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001448562,0.0001194694,0.0002884766,0.001226783,0.0008658202,0.001233369,0.0004750186,0.0008038753,0.004935917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01147857,0.00009798777,0.0003429008,0.001399165,0.0007233294,0.0007159543,0.0005616519,0.0006729173,0.0004451853],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008652906,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00111571,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1132388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1542495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994262,0.0001249582,0.00004433666,0.0000610074,0.0001096804,0.0002337533],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9953604,0.0008300007,0.002177506,0.0001804387,0.0007449889,0.0007065809],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008499221,0.00004546963,0.9927419,0.0000126263,0.00002208495,0.000121566,0.0007527412,0.00003643069,0.00002836162,0.0003972666,0.0006009632,0.005155523],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004796894,0.00003035769,0.9951534,0.00002218574,0.00001274756,0.00007438909,0.003474693,0.0001063881,0.00002638033,0.0003520787,0.0007371228,0.000005435645],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9936135,0.0004911531,0.00002852517,0.001682276,0.00002774111,0.000006573326,0.0003165095,0.000002093108,0.003831726],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990115,0.0002094236,0.00001125358,0.0001278986,0.00002636736,0.000002345831,0.0001411784,8.709335e-7,0.0004691683],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1132388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2251593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01561988699440507,"score_gpt":0.274747240056972,"score_spread":0.2591273530625669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}