{"id":"W2116578201","doi":"10.3390/e14010074","title":"A New Approach to Measure Volatility in Energy Markets","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Entropy","topic":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Volatility (finance); Econometrics; Entropy (arrow of time); Standard deviation; Electricity; Economics; Mathematics; Computer science; Statistics; Physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004505517,0.0001073908,0.0003276986,0.0001782712,0.00003586385,0.0000358837,0.00014594,0.00005151338,0.002232388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005623074,0.0001180093,0.0001069698,0.0003893005,0.000006486788,0.0001462714,0.00005450662,0.00006059017,0.0004915629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001018534,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009712577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003518518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001077817,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989796,0.00002253045,0.0003779335,0.0002564754,0.00003834471,0.0003251499],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99936,0.00001505233,0.000094983,0.0003286476,0.00001058121,0.0001907517],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004400146,0.0001604242,0.3019878,0.0000129261,0.00006964606,5.523823e-7,0.0007045636,0.00006572495,0.00001811979,0.6730996,0.01978888,0.004047808],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000408862,0.00001238167,0.2246638,0.000006130929,0.00000546058,0.000001984328,0.00007409679,0.008458255,0.00001391138,0.00479868,0.7613107,0.0002457455],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1540888,0.01213452,0.3274354,0.001154948,0.001070241,0.0004622001,0.00008257112,0.00009357573,0.5034778],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902879,0.00001113739,0.002657294,0.0001293661,0.0002593405,0.00001541235,0.000006759728,0.00001273428,0.006620066],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8361991,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986797,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03349608968292165,"score_gpt":0.2036759748644701,"score_spread":0.1701798851815485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}