{"id":"W2117931838","doi":"10.3390/ijms9071342","title":"Third Generation Biofuels via Direct Cellulose Fermentation","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":342,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; BIOCAP Canada","keywords":"Biofuel; Cellulosic ethanol; Bioprocess; Raw material; Fermentation; Cellulase; Cellulose; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemical engineering; Metabolic engineering; Hydrolysis; Chemistry; Biotechnology; Food science; Biochemistry; Engineering; Biology; Chemical engineering; Enzyme; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001806298,0.0005384753,0.0003475265,0.0003959659,0.0001936966,0.0008439597,0.000290957,0.0003843719,0.001013295],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001287676,0.0001435528,0.0003712823,0.0006108962,0.0001954496,0.0005868725,0.0004301961,0.0007306816,0.0006638565],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006528856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003789595,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001052203,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001524417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999862,0.00001288557,0.000006952612,0.00003037598,0.00005153807,0.00003631264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999585,0.000004569844,0.000007379565,0.000007687927,0.00001151298,0.00001024282],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009051777,0.00008380791,0.0002577023,0.0002886558,0.00001617022,0.0002148322,0.00003837932,0.00118932,0.9551161,0.003811317,0.0005188318,0.03837435],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001360204,0.00007952957,0.0003755413,0.00002113458,0.00001223308,0.0001563763,0.00001467895,0.001824682,0.9801768,0.0006586277,0.01665382,0.00001296814],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8146203,0.02816083,0.09207121,0.0005406998,0.0006176381,0.0002472087,0.001436704,0.0005926993,0.06171271],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9360329,0.01855377,0.03208888,0.0001140344,0.00003957022,0.0000872411,0.0009245944,0.00004605713,0.01211286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001052203,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00473702,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02086626090413646,"score_gpt":0.2459775895577059,"score_spread":0.2251113286535694,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}