{"id":"W2118661158","doi":"10.1080/15377938.2012.700830","title":"The Impact of Indigenous Status on Adult Sentencing: A Review of the Statistical Research Literature From the United States, Canada, and Australia","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice","topic":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Indigenous; Prison; Criminology; Differential (mechanical device); Politics; Multivariate statistics; Set (abstract data type); Multivariate analysis; Statistical evidence; Psychology; Political science; Law; Econometrics; Statistics; Economics; Biology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00558899,0.0002943577,0.001182639,0.0002476599,0.0007161565,0.000100573,0.001030559,0.0002183408,0.00005105462],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008116778,0.0001294165,0.0004796044,0.002277429,0.0007753129,0.00009793793,0.0001305684,0.002883867,0.000001044453],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001083287,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004658708,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9546763,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8663741,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9910324,0.004839509,0.001442287,0.0001984781,0.001823378,0.0006639679],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.983192,0.01206177,0.001622956,0.0004582448,0.00240263,0.0002624085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004509698,0.0006062585,0.0004712519,0.07526005,0.001354577,0.0001978367,0.162467,0.0001603399,0.000001579174,0.0008167767,0.01019448,0.7480189],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002985237,0.0007702718,0.003088331,0.1801617,0.03903592,0.0001419284,0.5557439,0.00002527509,0.000001191739,0.0001554419,0.2201138,0.0004636316],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.05655585,0.941758,0.00001216445,0.0002043168,0.0004182372,0.0004572609,0.0005657087,0.000001393371,0.0000270701],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006442577,0.9929132,0.00003675783,0.0001226759,0.0003809867,0.000006471117,0.0000297918,0.00001537697,0.00005219508],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7475553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994165,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1912964532714926,"score_gpt":0.4877628179035743,"score_spread":0.2964663646320817,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}