{"id":"W2119234616","doi":"10.1007/s13280-011-0216-7","title":"Past and Future Changes in Arctic Lake and River Ice","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AMBIO","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Center for Northern Studies; University of Victoria; Impact; University of Waterloo; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; ArcticNet","keywords":"Snowmelt; Arctic; Arctic ice pack; Temperate climate; Climatology; Oceanography; Climate change; Physical geography; Subarctic climate; Environmental science; Permafrost; Arctic ecology; Geography; Geology; Ecology; Snow; Meteorology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005809513,0.0001174272,0.0001354112,0.0007950633,0.0005562092,0.001046195,0.0001882348,0.0004425316,0.003638396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009935483,0.000125177,0.0003146647,0.001179234,0.0005657017,0.001075319,0.0003842258,0.0003233819,0.0003382479],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001103325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004797152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02831917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08674548,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998523,0.00002235866,0.00001712955,0.00003051524,0.0000313214,0.00004624837],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993777,0.0001045024,0.0002112122,0.00002695448,0.0001857261,0.00009384612],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007278174,0.00008992356,0.9663525,0.0001336118,0.0001713004,0.000199527,0.001079354,0.001755026,0.00166574,0.002582599,0.00223666,0.02300582],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000636674,0.00003278857,0.9929065,0.00001137235,0.00003144222,0.00009189198,0.0007578978,0.0006918659,0.0002371645,0.0003065749,0.004919623,0.000006574734],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9887394,0.001694036,0.0001379302,0.001260911,0.00007106979,0.000003741929,0.002931024,0.00001198318,0.005149947],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967553,0.0007401564,0.0001048051,0.00007558826,0.00004947956,0.000002554395,0.001007953,0.000004285639,0.001259831],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02831917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05630869,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03385145836781685,"score_gpt":0.205839319222006,"score_spread":0.1719878608541892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}