{"id":"W2119365871","doi":"10.1109/icc.2007.208","title":"Detecting Flooding-Based DDoS Attacks","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bell (Canada); Queen's University","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Denial-of-service attack; Computer science; Header; Network packet; Normality; The Internet; Data mining; Computer network; Real-time computing; Statistics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006524168,0.0004327049,0.0007032677,0.001662839,0.0003494306,0.0004303197,0.0004674853,0.0006249201,0.0003379382],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004692051,0.0002209838,0.000203511,0.0004779852,0.0002818515,0.001045082,0.0006388646,0.0002756019,0.0001881577],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003317856,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003855669,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006045411,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004009121,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994015,0.0001214238,0.00005438482,0.00007544048,0.0002910442,0.00005635766],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982185,0.0007919883,0.0003131428,0.000157323,0.0004414017,0.00007765491],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001355092,0.0004125764,0.07098422,0.0005170847,0.0002106095,0.00104425,0.0007481002,0.2063556,0.2801385,0.008864494,0.003796672,0.425573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006346703,0.0003329563,0.01110746,0.00002198813,0.00007001836,0.001212327,0.0001391329,0.9044251,0.07503992,0.003474415,0.004060561,0.00005257879],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6688783,0.0006715323,0.3215405,0.0002530201,0.00009382434,0.0001954218,0.0001849578,0.003442282,0.004740126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9660224,0.0001454724,0.03315213,0.0000240494,0.00001605949,0.00003094626,0.0001323613,0.00002299665,0.0004537197],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001662839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003450334,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01574168849175723,"score_gpt":0.253541906662904,"score_spread":0.2378002181711468,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}