{"id":"W2119951153","doi":"10.3386/w14273","title":"Racial Discrimination and Competition","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Harvard University; Brown University","keywords":"Competition (biology); Wage; Deregulation; Labour economics; Economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Prejudice (legal term); Business; Market economy; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001111351,0.0001945508,0.0003333538,0.0007109623,0.002166538,0.001904418,0.0003161866,0.0008079307,0.01487737],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004476112,0.00009311006,0.0003211327,0.0009156396,0.001631775,0.000929153,0.00168801,0.000733955,0.000668957],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001226658,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001428345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01038966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01591321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985056,0.0005971553,0.00003191238,0.0001756311,0.0002314174,0.0004583277],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964797,0.001030619,0.001042851,0.000169098,0.0003045568,0.0009731603],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004043779,0.001456094,0.5321811,0.0002153379,0.0001510587,0.0004388375,0.007877963,0.0009833793,0.00151897,0.3113591,0.01242199,0.1309917],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009586815,0.0005911397,0.805393,0.0004476353,0.0001294203,0.0008000587,0.01634707,0.00172606,0.000879626,0.1023086,0.07120956,0.00007197873],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.8188579,0.003455639,0.001171454,0.008275642,0.0001954218,0.00003667758,0.0002054705,0.000009566767,0.1677923],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957308,0.0004143947,0.0001364431,0.0008357979,0.0000658576,0.000007272395,0.0000340125,0.000002268122,0.002773087],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01487737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04976982,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3736866199160838,"score_gpt":0.4616053736426088,"score_spread":0.08791875372652502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}