{"id":"W2120439446","doi":"10.1002/hec.3209","title":"Population Aging and Healthcare Expenditure in Korea","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Economics","topic":"Global Health Care Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Health Insurance Service","keywords":"Population ageing; Population; Health care; Quarter (Canadian coin); National health insurance; Gross domestic product; Demography; Demographic economics; Gerontology; Economics; Medicine; Geography; Environmental health; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001702879,0.0001815565,0.0005089643,0.0001926765,0.0003659352,0.0000114077,0.0001110343,0.0002547281,0.00002473937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001213001,0.0001979232,0.00002223659,0.0001177129,0.00002529302,0.0002362568,0.0001058041,0.0006356827,0.0002065404],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00208281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001094513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03758129,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05277749,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970543,0.0005461723,0.001002711,0.0004133237,0.00009393132,0.0008896007],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982272,0.0001933393,0.0004060737,0.0003138045,0.00007549453,0.0007840382],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007353363,0.00002633017,0.9442861,0.000987838,0.000003417673,0.000004413603,0.01433931,0.00007115984,1.073194e-7,0.01550821,0.01594949,0.008750104],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002516047,0.0002291914,0.8077638,0.0006801971,0.000002985674,0.00001354568,0.01806849,0.001443772,6.844939e-7,0.01029333,0.1586221,0.0003658837],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9492714,0.005029903,0.0000101248,0.04055211,0.001895212,0.001315514,0.00005297676,0.0001258851,0.001746804],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9814857,0.001364286,0.0009631673,0.01527253,0.0004930398,0.00009022478,0.0001339367,0.0000384124,0.0001586518],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1426726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9688275,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1303505417732599,"score_gpt":0.4623863003397273,"score_spread":0.3320357585664674,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}