{"id":"W2121390337","doi":"10.1023/a:1013135211562","title":"Smith On Times And Tokens","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Synthese","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy of language; Philosophy; Utterance; Epistemology; Argument (complex analysis); Metaphysics; Philosophy of science; Sentence; Odds; Linguistics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001261048,0.00005137729,0.00005816867,0.00002201193,0.00004262652,0.000009994752,0.00008763473,0.00003362104,0.002737271],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006913702,0.00003678578,0.00001580669,0.00006948612,0.0001787377,0.00002491345,0.00001861476,0.00005989596,0.001177357],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000004389866,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002954753,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001192248,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.312518e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995348,0.00004222445,0.00004896614,0.0001541136,0.00006548277,0.0001543862],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995698,0.0001747115,0.00001103687,0.0001640862,0.000005216873,0.00007509939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004544471,0.00005440964,0.0006049677,8.065102e-7,0.000005456976,0.0000366484,0.0002608775,2.005531e-7,0.00008243652,0.9779506,0.0003844079,0.02057368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003330209,0.0003353849,0.03571213,0.00004078377,0.00001350779,0.00009878008,0.0002299926,0.0000596734,0.0007640997,0.8877345,0.07442737,0.0002507398],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2650757,0.00007847092,0.00003148226,0.001801293,0.0001065616,0.00003215361,0.000002143193,0.00002610156,0.7328461],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962208,0.00001147948,0.00002892741,0.0004741318,0.00008003781,0.000004671869,1.248213e-7,0.000003822031,0.00317606],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7311451,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996004,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02218018614109258,"score_gpt":0.3023648300719003,"score_spread":0.2801846439308077,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}