{"id":"W2121518193","doi":"10.1513/pats.200904-019ds","title":"Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"St. Paul's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Biomarker; Pulmonary disease; Intensive care medicine; Surrogate endpoint; Disease; Clinical trial; Lung function; Obstructive lung disease; Pulmonary function testing; Lung; Pathology; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005563491,0.0008674398,0.00293188,0.0003043137,0.0001600528,0.00004327062,0.0011827,0.0002301906,0.00004595223],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003075798,0.0006267277,0.002886557,0.003708537,0.00222387,0.0002209263,0.0006448842,0.001452718,0.00001941604],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00458583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002832266,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008846443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.569557e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954699,0.00008479274,0.0010274,0.001223905,0.001196127,0.000997916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966293,0.0001820503,0.001590389,0.0006728172,0.0003747579,0.0005506875],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002312224,0.0002707519,0.003102465,0.04502638,0.0006932179,0.0000288248,0.00009438761,4.171542e-7,0.00005065718,0.00004541681,0.0007604064,0.9496958],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00119576,0.0004424487,0.2863628,0.08102524,0.01047551,0.0005479484,0.003583783,0.0008443978,0.0000651006,0.001747628,0.6109262,0.002783137],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.009015212,0.985059,9.232775e-7,0.0003583062,0.00009858562,0.003054019,0.0001577983,0.00009563978,0.002160533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003335399,0.9943759,0.0006792382,0.0001114321,0.0004142158,0.0003291374,0.00005019733,0.0001644688,0.0005399415],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9469127,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996184,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03673014749516374,"score_gpt":0.3715949098259766,"score_spread":0.3348647623308129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}