{"id":"W2121779936","doi":"10.4141/cjss2012-043","title":"Crop residue incorporation alters soil nitrous oxide emissions during freeze–thaw cycles","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Loam; Nitrous oxide; Soil water; Chemistry; Crop residue; Mineralization (soil science); Agronomy; Incubation; Nitrogen; Residue (chemistry); Animal science; Environmental chemistry; Environmental science; Soil science; Biology; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005051173,0.0001217513,0.0001513169,0.0004236432,0.0008474855,0.0003986063,0.0005726663,0.00005223192,0.002450478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001500597,0.00009807669,0.00005564685,0.0005651259,0.0005221042,0.001296525,0.00001054103,0.0002144636,0.0002026491],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004514398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001412774,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.6416898,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9221197,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985243,0.00003646784,0.000324875,0.0001855064,0.0003835026,0.0005453382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979525,0.00004824672,0.0002257613,0.0001708673,0.000235504,0.001367173],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004505666,0.000002747555,0.9845259,0.000007311955,0.000003207522,0.0001144686,0.0007329955,0.002688943,0.007833758,0.000007382171,0.002229588,0.001849206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001407921,0.00004900535,0.994203,0.00006758163,0.000006288263,0.0002642409,0.0009157964,0.0008688744,0.00254489,0.0006136221,0.0001810811,0.0001447915],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947842,0.0003091496,0.000007264592,0.001286636,0.0004564191,0.0000682648,0.0001948752,0.000006374353,0.00288682],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990476,0.00005631895,0.0001344469,0.0003342734,0.0002194999,2.742013e-7,0.00002445635,0.000003816581,0.0001793231],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2804298,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9984614,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02382018462981832,"score_gpt":0.2167846994915272,"score_spread":0.1929645148617088,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}