{"id":"W2122612712","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0016937","title":"Is Qualitative Research Second Class Science? A Quantitative Longitudinal Examination of Qualitative Research in Medical Journals","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS ONE","topic":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Qualitative research; Impact factor; Qualitative property; Qualitative analysis; Longitudinal study; Psychology; Medicine; Social science; Sociology; Statistics; Mathematics; Pathology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.3211285,0.0004073758,0.001574194,0.006166873,0.005419906,0.0112076,0.001779736,0.001820517,0.003486544],"category_scores_gemma":[0.4610325,0.001137712,0.00146949,0.009887681,0.01211625,0.01150295,0.005512259,0.00257095,0.0004934944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01065061,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0187243,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005268969,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003647555,"domain_scores_codex":[0.623176,0.3224367,0.01716116,0.009292766,0.02399366,0.003939793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3780676,0.4419473,0.07870093,0.03637049,0.06003772,0.004875978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005239078,0.0005443277,0.3891425,0.005772505,0.0008827335,0.0003174283,0.4712555,0.0006058884,0.001374235,0.03725546,0.004319438,0.08800608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000248515,0.002528591,0.2648056,0.01154644,0.0004438418,0.0008148356,0.621513,0.006928481,0.002053604,0.03848685,0.05036795,0.0002623359],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8599825,0.007270741,0.07149778,0.04234517,0.001322372,0.005753237,0.001235121,0.0002005446,0.01039259],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9596164,0.001336568,0.02741615,0.003682457,0.0002876443,0.006503432,0.0002774719,0.00007075199,0.0008092694],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9938331,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8371695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.9881890202619653,"score_gpt":0.7469333192546113,"score_spread":0.2412557010073541,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}