{"id":"W2123384779","doi":"10.1177/1321103x010160010201","title":"A Cross-language Comparison of Preschool Children's Vocal Fundamental Frequency in Speech and Song Production","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Studies in Music Education","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Singing; Psychology; Linguistics; Fundamental frequency; Speech production; Psychoacoustics; Intonation (linguistics); Phonation; Communication; Acoustics; Perception","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002100095,0.0001153743,0.0002652647,0.0006537024,0.0001372057,0.00002645082,0.0002011499,0.0001137227,0.0003063463],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008545255,0.0001128099,0.0000221563,0.0009340287,0.0008847656,0.0001081262,0.0001812284,0.0007663647,0.00002933692],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002516305,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000190306,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005483504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002714994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976682,0.0005795109,0.0003910717,0.0004657314,0.0003801736,0.0005152762],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990007,0.0002731946,0.00006878556,0.0003491499,0.0002428379,0.00006532707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001570806,0.001151981,0.8998093,0.00006368598,0.00005056107,0.000007853954,0.05496008,0.000004338266,0.00284471,0.00017047,0.002629084,0.03815088],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005041937,0.0002745836,0.9588966,0.0001023617,0.000003105049,0.00002735256,0.03809427,0.00001826559,0.0005126139,0.00140286,0.00007390836,0.00008990449],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.985185,0.0100624,0.000001326032,0.0005096677,0.0006523076,0.0008124982,0.000004320675,0.000009288504,0.002763235],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973514,0.0007929137,0.0001371748,0.00001308015,0.0002405862,0.0002581704,0.00001729976,0.00001257191,0.001176772],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0590873,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8289455,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1804794872706107,"score_gpt":0.5573041064911404,"score_spread":0.3768246192205297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}