{"id":"W2124537004","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2007.09.004","title":"Learning multiple layers of representation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","topic":"Neural Networks and Applications","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":1013,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Backpropagation; Representation (politics); Artificial neural network; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Perception; Generative model; Object (grammar); Generative grammar; Machine learning; Sensory system; Feature learning; Layer (electronics); Pattern recognition (psychology); Psychology; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4044359756793465,"score_gpt":0.5100302918961084,"score_spread":0.1055943162167619,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}