{"id":"W2124662319","doi":"10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00037-4","title":"Detecting deception in pain expressions: the structure of genuine and deceptive facial displays","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Pain","topic":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute; St. Joseph's Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Facial expression; Eyebrow; Facial Action Coding System; Psychology; Deception; Contiguity; Expression (computer science); Cognitive psychology; Audiology; Action (physics); Communication; Social psychology; Medicine; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001660711,0.0001310128,0.0001722733,0.0001507697,0.00009733774,0.00001097016,0.0001130396,0.0001668285,0.004981565],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006919209,0.00009706016,0.00004818511,0.0002695255,0.0001493722,0.00004602879,0.0000288925,0.0002758568,0.00004650937],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002155323,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002482253,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000452059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002934837,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972963,0.001779574,0.000308206,0.0002746949,0.0001124709,0.0002288039],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988223,0.0007147662,0.0001384931,0.0002444431,0.00002862288,0.00005137343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001110581,0.00009453852,0.01494977,0.00001061064,0.00003148695,0.000006134158,0.01466465,0.00003046676,0.03505549,0.0004362352,0.006420103,0.9281895],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01228567,0.002492102,0.7055275,0.0004440288,0.0001201249,0.0004061974,0.08063616,0.03898619,0.004460289,0.02225007,0.1302785,0.00211314],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9662495,0.0005420838,0.02898664,0.0004812534,0.0007112718,0.0003470115,0.00002286598,0.00005316738,0.002606233],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986423,0.00002740936,0.0002274076,0.0005945084,0.0001155558,0.00001792635,0.000003660331,0.00001382466,0.0003574234],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9260764,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.995928,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02535058198846797,"score_gpt":0.2875434572574941,"score_spread":0.2621928752690261,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}