{"id":"W2126344617","doi":"10.3109/02699206.2014.982768","title":"The acquisition of allophones among bilingual Spanish–English and French–English 3-year-old children","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics","topic":"Language Development and Disorders","field":"Psychology","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Temple University; National Institutes of Health; Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro","keywords":"Psychology; Context (archaeology); Neuroscience of multilingualism; Linguistics; Age of Acquisition; Contrast (vision); Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Geography; Cognition","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001715705,0.0002613137,0.0004391102,0.00005890193,0.0001973213,0.00008529407,0.0004078631,0.0003668422,0.0001870354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02189722,0.0002076884,0.0001460843,0.0001998631,0.0008805966,0.00001632151,0.0001891,0.0004695408,0.00003820628],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001078971,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006416399,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001473764,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001395237,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973544,0.0003335372,0.001056739,0.0005094649,0.0003023655,0.0004434446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9952977,0.002606119,0.0003891576,0.0006595632,0.0008425904,0.0002048967],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001609731,0.0004115153,0.9396156,0.00002437624,0.0002476019,0.000007334645,0.00908067,0.000006842171,0.000005282375,0.03123355,0.01021347,0.008992752],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002138451,0.0004174949,0.9610966,0.00005004532,0.0001860699,0.000001221524,0.001543474,0.00007009121,0.00006177447,0.008539893,0.02546395,0.000430885],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9672279,0.0006939017,0.0002562614,0.00002877157,0.009568303,0.0003059616,0.000036114,0.0001219445,0.02176081],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923273,0.0002710674,0.001818769,0.0002785529,0.004005723,0.000008406714,0.00008481298,0.00004697434,0.001158344],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02509942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9863418,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01133376585149344,"score_gpt":0.2984123112682945,"score_spread":0.2870785454168011,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}