{"id":"W2126453598","doi":"10.1145/2333112.2333114","title":"Graphical passwords","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ACM Computing Surveys","topic":"User Authentication and Security Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":562,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Usability; Password; Password policy; Authentication (law); Computer security; Cognitive password; Key (lock); Human-computer interaction in information security; World Wide Web; Data science; Human–computer interaction; Information security; One-time password; Network security policy; Security service","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001323738,0.001148619,0.0009366338,0.002967458,0.0006013245,0.002208865,0.001760262,0.001822733,0.05098367],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009245089,0.0003184744,0.0005505966,0.003044027,0.001269994,0.005653726,0.002784633,0.001349444,0.03053341],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007265966,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008519986,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007371374,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008180891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997559,0.0007340162,0.0002912905,0.0003149517,0.0008958477,0.0002048551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968253,0.001446766,0.0004801427,0.0004328364,0.000600928,0.0002139692],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001874997,0.0001099644,0.000469243,0.007179632,0.00003946479,0.0002111062,0.0003492008,0.0003354158,0.003357288,0.04026381,0.08228844,0.865209],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003935374,0.0001975859,0.001175438,0.002740755,0.00004113764,0.002334289,0.0002463492,0.000403666,0.003089143,0.01083542,0.9788541,0.00004290888],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01287254,0.5176291,0.1021468,0.004564899,0.004249319,0.001260408,0.002535663,0.004975019,0.3497663],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.235746,0.4996549,0.05881794,0.007056397,0.00182294,0.001265147,0.004392214,0.0004823754,0.190762],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05098367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1705574,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1136288374020574,"score_gpt":0.352738899467354,"score_spread":0.2391100620652967,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}