{"id":"W2126698612","doi":"10.1103/physreve.75.011133","title":"Jarzynski equality: Connections to thermodynamics and the second law","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review E","topic":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Non-equilibrium thermodynamics; Dissipative system; Second law of thermodynamics; Work (physics); Upper and lower bounds; Fluctuation theorem; Statistical physics; Function (biology); Laws of thermodynamics; Physics; Thermodynamics; Thermodynamic free energy; Mathematics; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003982156,0.0001409319,0.0003222292,0.000008723832,0.0001569853,0.00002529426,0.0001249019,0.00001114923,0.0001594654],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002839222,0.00008955303,0.0001055167,0.0001397397,0.0001080699,0.00004579663,0.0000811853,0.000175623,0.00004410451],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001373802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008553501,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000521845,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004950737,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991615,0.00005834029,0.0002128008,0.0002070444,0.00012055,0.0002398046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989247,0.0005730131,0.00006323018,0.0002510302,0.00004907661,0.0001388928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001267207,0.00004248878,0.000003171647,0.00005096551,0.00002652136,3.039676e-7,0.00005482134,0.000002381993,0.000166145,0.9645735,0.00002460707,0.03504244],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003431352,0.00003161372,0.00005161664,0.0001131535,0.00005657418,7.341629e-7,0.000045627,0.006223099,0.00006778919,0.9525213,0.04038225,0.0001630666],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.02186995,0.001166033,0.8637238,0.002253765,0.0001269449,0.0008936668,0.0001710893,0.00003468932,0.1097601],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948567,0.00007431745,0.0005969104,0.004056106,0.0001711771,0.00004153814,0.00001028324,0.00001726946,0.0001756833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9729868,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3651867,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01363268782073969,"score_gpt":0.3221276885504374,"score_spread":0.3084950007296978,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}