{"id":"W2127502681","doi":"10.1111/jlme.12019","title":"Medical Tourism's Impact on Health Care Equity and Access in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Making the Case for Regulation","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics","topic":"Global Healthcare and Medical Tourism","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":64,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Health Services and Policy Research; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medical tourism; Equity (law); Health care; Tourism; Economic growth; Developing country; Business; Low and middle income countries; Medical care; Developed country; Low income; Medicine; Political science; Socioeconomics; Family medicine; Economics; Environmental health; Population; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0162245,0.0001808929,0.0005503378,0.00008675158,0.001192285,0.00002031618,0.0003695814,0.000449064,0.0001384044],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003480942,0.00007787049,0.00004739195,0.0001488335,0.0006268099,0.0001922641,0.0002526665,0.00362528,0.000002158947],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003765946,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001631227,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01446911,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007309727,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9951351,0.001934847,0.001170654,0.0001363228,0.001064593,0.0005585392],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9883313,0.009381804,0.0008188928,0.0002535412,0.0006735167,0.0005410112],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00465751,0.0002389379,0.01091671,0.03893892,0.000334828,0.001863081,0.6181631,0.000102246,0.000006083128,0.0974237,0.1634446,0.06391025],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03020808,0.01589143,0.1857663,0.2000126,0.0006180278,0.01061751,0.2060785,0.003947135,0.00001097049,0.2357389,0.1100211,0.001089552],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4362484,0.006873034,0.0002973171,0.5531151,0.0009133912,0.001400405,0.00001287731,0.0000120658,0.001127372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.935853,0.00265819,0.00004718584,0.05982481,0.001545929,0.00001723269,0.000002185699,0.0000162301,0.00003524809],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4996046,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2253626129090279,"score_gpt":0.5737565557528306,"score_spread":0.3483939428438027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}