{"id":"W2128018714","doi":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehl452","title":"The making of a physician-scientist--the process has a pattern: lessons from the lives of Nobel laureates in medicine and physiology","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Heart Journal","topic":"Health and Medical Research Impacts","field":"Medicine","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta Hospital; University of Alberta","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","keywords":"Prosperity; Medicine; Corporatization; Health care; Engineering ethics; Scarcity; Debt; Process (computing); Medical education; Public relations; Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005489877,0.00009041021,0.0002634781,0.00006342262,0.0002908812,0.00001979693,0.0002083295,0.00002004545,0.00002782791],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006397624,0.00003565617,0.00004581501,0.0002389513,0.0009783432,0.00004097081,0.0000595024,0.0006878922,0.000004038555],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002132851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003754713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000829928,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009971691,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979634,0.0004775337,0.000403191,0.000121769,0.0005230542,0.0005110495],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977553,0.001370277,0.0001772848,0.0001987968,0.0001433165,0.0003550101],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00198258,0.0006802186,0.1544033,0.0006239715,0.0002571527,0.0007921613,0.08618042,0.000006639575,0.1150481,0.0001116841,0.07684095,0.5630727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00160364,0.0007653167,0.9571617,0.00184407,0.00003192587,0.0002509033,0.007010019,0.0001016688,0.0007690433,0.0002163092,0.03019136,0.00005410179],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8781585,0.0042335,0.000196402,0.1154909,0.0001441971,0.000256871,0.000005329233,0.000004890294,0.001509389],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9903134,0.0003958174,0.00003440261,0.008552267,0.0006535574,9.154438e-7,0.000001166127,0.00001221642,0.00003622183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8027583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7659016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2166817783188713,"score_gpt":0.4661879511711306,"score_spread":0.2495061728522593,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}