{"id":"W2129325965","doi":"10.5194/acp-10-7945-2010","title":"Volume nucleation rates for homogeneous freezing in supercooled water microdroplets: results from a combined experimental and modelling approach","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","topic":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Supercooling; Nucleation; Ice nucleus; Cirrus; Aerosol; Evaporation; Classical nucleation theory; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Volume (thermodynamics); Materials science; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006526685,0.0004016475,0.0004022905,0.000486318,0.0002812701,0.0003451987,0.0007350672,0.0002929944,0.0005562028],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001516202,0.0002245709,0.0005768382,0.0003513691,0.0003242803,0.0005734679,0.0002063688,0.0003425618,0.0001149967],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001263175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003244151,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007259453,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003942752,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999786,0.00002402866,0.00001670389,0.00005013651,0.0001023613,0.00002083159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993437,0.0004326114,0.00006341597,0.00005488409,0.00009058234,0.00001483349],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004899272,0.000192666,0.02482462,0.0003384858,0.00009916377,0.0001991272,0.0002102531,0.4419558,0.5086554,0.005057469,0.0002636445,0.01771343],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002218808,0.00007073664,0.005252962,0.000006572139,0.00001766681,0.00005342242,0.00001781462,0.6992949,0.2945596,0.000457466,0.0002248216,0.00002192477],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9728084,0.0004895412,0.02499374,0.00002443568,0.00001046505,0.00002847094,0.0002715203,0.00008673278,0.001286834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970283,0.0001335213,0.002533119,0.000002977305,0.000002321824,0.00002299557,0.0001555855,0.00001082395,0.0001103231],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007259453,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0144344,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006961336535307394,"score_gpt":0.2019075104671019,"score_spread":0.1949461739317945,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}