{"id":"W2130449444","doi":"10.5194/bg-6-469-2009","title":"Disentangling the effects of climate and people on Sahel vegetation dynamics","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biogeosciences","topic":"African Botany and Ecology Studies","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Commission; Goddard Space Flight Center; University of East Anglia; National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Vegetation (pathology); Geography; Environmental science; Population; Physical geography; Climate change; Herding; Climatology; Ecology; Geology; Forestry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001325989,0.00005460261,0.0000806239,0.000005952425,0.0003557929,0.00001759554,0.0001053218,0.00002219429,0.000002054532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007792543,0.00001544872,0.00002382329,0.0002190459,0.0001561889,0.0000501904,0.00002470813,0.00002582833,0.000001781847],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006159632,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001558108,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003320524,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001304559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995389,0.00002621693,0.00007711337,0.0001275718,0.00009226426,0.0001379529],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995548,0.0003329699,0.00005664452,0.00002154631,0.00001302213,0.0000209933],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001369026,0.00006742932,0.8997061,0.00000970169,0.000004207247,0.000001061769,0.0004775833,0.000001449795,0.01284622,0.003682478,0.00001828884,0.08317182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003099297,0.0004814011,0.9967913,0.00001325018,0.000006420072,7.111273e-7,0.0008978288,0.0004361359,0.0004055649,0.0008351497,0.00005669475,0.00004453711],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9973686,0.000303781,6.045869e-7,0.001638836,0.0001191382,0.00008636269,0.000005572091,0.00001315424,0.0004639848],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993854,0.0003452587,0.00001502982,0.000205674,0.00003072269,0.00000278051,0.000001700227,1.127159e-7,0.00001327929],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09708524,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2736507,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007273305350330501,"score_gpt":0.2086411171444029,"score_spread":0.2013678117940724,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}