{"id":"W2130852771","doi":"10.1509/jmr.13.0209","title":"Reviews without a Purchase: Low Ratings, Loyal Customers, and Deception","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Marketing Research","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":290,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Deception; Purchasing; Business; Product (mathematics); Marketing; Incentive; Advertising; Phenomenon; Psychology; Economics; Microeconomics; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002848988,0.0002698471,0.0004801363,0.001725106,0.001007733,0.002645335,0.0004085921,0.001385688,0.002530189],"category_scores_gemma":[0.05601606,0.0002930902,0.0002040934,0.001142629,0.0009593391,0.001848367,0.0008737926,0.001417471,0.0009140504],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005590778,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000276011,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001825746,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002310823,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960715,0.001348496,0.0004653778,0.0003382425,0.001533498,0.0002429585],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8907838,0.04257916,0.05055376,0.003874186,0.009203034,0.003006127],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000500229,0.0003296176,0.9142843,0.0001688193,0.0001122814,0.00169204,0.003508321,0.000173405,0.001362599,0.001098375,0.006017607,0.07075231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002576426,0.0004491346,0.968376,0.0001422721,0.0001934958,0.01151091,0.004464093,0.00459991,0.001806314,0.001984238,0.006379519,0.00006839161],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9822199,0.001318438,0.001308458,0.003056508,0.0000811772,0.00003008774,0.0002021369,0.00005294435,0.01173039],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983574,0.0001872073,0.0002578649,0.0003149898,0.00007743793,0.000005541292,0.00006920234,0.000007364651,0.0007230662],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002848988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01506704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03781754249532004,"score_gpt":0.3438654773554673,"score_spread":0.3060479348601473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}