{"id":"W2130852771","doi":"10.1509/jmr.13.0209","title":"Reviews without a Purchase: Low Ratings, Loyal Customers, and Deception","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Marketing Research","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":290,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Kellogg's (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Deception; Purchasing; Business; Product (mathematics); Marketing; Incentive; Advertising; Phenomenon; Psychology; Economics; Microeconomics; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.049162,0.00008486337,0.0002085931,0.0003239185,0.000253951,0.0003371114,0.0004865592,0.00006116129,0.00002239542],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008465343,0.00006643793,0.00006340176,0.000427648,0.00007387887,0.0004298442,0.0001779058,0.0007289514,0.00001904665],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007045324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007394433,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001245249,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003430434,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9957678,0.002565802,0.0003938767,0.0001920205,0.0007608727,0.0003196062],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977555,0.001156285,0.0002838958,0.000235641,0.0004095271,0.0001591456],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002904386,0.00005372643,0.009105,0.0001917808,0.00001532768,0.00001144875,0.0006432978,0.00001921406,0.008530444,0.000407696,0.0145506,0.966181],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002847362,0.002124956,0.085605,0.003359666,0.00002891007,0.001350612,0.000285608,0.1071526,0.002483282,0.003486874,0.7906251,0.000650057],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8625475,0.004007814,0.1253376,0.003068586,0.0008710637,0.0003613117,3.20742e-7,0.00005162873,0.003754204],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847821,0.001479094,0.01264447,0.00008409051,0.0006423716,0.00000380456,1.761263e-7,0.00001035442,0.0003535167],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.965531,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03781754249532004,"score_gpt":0.3438654773554673,"score_spread":0.3060479348601473,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}