{"id":"W2131951821","doi":"10.55016/ojs/ajer.v53i2.55264","title":"Action Research: A Spiral Inquiry for Valid and Useful Knowledge","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alberta Journal of Educational Research","topic":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Educational research; Action research; Action (physics); Research methodology; Spiral (railway); Mathematics education; Sociology; Mathematics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.05656623,0.00008652818,0.0001911349,0.001751979,0.0005977439,0.0003283925,0.0006299827,0.00008568636,0.005959575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.06050386,0.00006280821,0.00009709145,0.001413621,0.0003796905,0.0007952649,0.0001213992,0.0006046351,0.0004742888],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002679869,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002590699,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007997705,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001444443,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9943332,0.0007711088,0.0008790298,0.0002722013,0.003240991,0.0005034794],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9015002,0.09083571,0.0002341225,0.0002657267,0.006832316,0.0003318772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001465913,0.001350102,0.2998304,0.00007573864,0.0001097196,0.000001142613,0.01757367,0.00005523071,0.003461901,0.0848135,0.4964928,0.0947699],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001022638,0.0009771084,0.3575988,0.00007784775,0.00001057141,0.00008922157,0.01077927,0.0004062159,0.001327092,0.04040901,0.5871733,0.0001288585],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9507623,0.0005499939,0.0002296807,0.01739706,0.0009958697,0.0003000259,0.000001567369,4.156408e-7,0.02976305],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9523228,0.0001182924,0.0007005375,0.0000921531,0.001743403,0.00001798562,0.00000332667,0.0000107066,0.04499073],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09464104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9949491,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.8756614244315128,"score_gpt":0.7273174432813411,"score_spread":0.1483439811501718,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}