{"id":"W2132194716","doi":"10.1109/wpc.2001.921716","title":"Navigation and comprehension of programs by novice programmers","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Software Engineering Research","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Programmer; Program comprehension; Computer science; Comprehension; Control flow; Human–computer interaction; Information flow; Process (computing); Mental representation; Representation (politics); Control (management); Programming language; Software engineering; Multimedia; Artificial intelligence; Software; Cognition; Software system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001429368,0.0004133151,0.0002781415,0.0006051997,0.0002486228,0.001630565,0.0003820103,0.0005823619,0.002061767],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03728349,0.0002368165,0.0002974734,0.0002043469,0.0005306926,0.001576271,0.0007449815,0.0008895543,0.0003882674],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002268015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003380547,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001403325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001399014,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987513,0.0005787694,0.00007090253,0.0001948765,0.0003094516,0.0000946916],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9735228,0.01865023,0.002900952,0.00146799,0.002518034,0.0009399802],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002285336,0.002593665,0.4066101,0.001074001,0.0002926144,0.00125797,0.07461908,0.006010886,0.1074269,0.002083424,0.004566954,0.391179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002416284,0.009538308,0.8696344,0.0004082126,0.0002750705,0.002352445,0.02520205,0.02791677,0.04597209,0.006326953,0.01188699,0.00024505],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957228,0.0001523511,0.002285951,0.00005735146,0.000002637063,0.0000169232,0.00001880617,0.0000742229,0.001668904],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9958031,0.0002049607,0.002475652,0.00005887504,0.000005622127,0.00001703351,0.0001161749,0.00002934853,0.001289456],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002061767,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007559299,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02216530389166788,"score_gpt":0.2483785572578359,"score_spread":0.226213253366168,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}