{"id":"W2132628497","doi":"10.1093/jnci/djp334","title":"A Perspective on Challenges and Issues in Biomarker Development and Drug and Biomarker Codevelopment","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute","topic":"HER2/EGFR in Cancer Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":127,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Institute for Cancer Research","funders":"National Cancer Institute","keywords":"Biomarker; Drug development; Food and drug administration; Biomarker discovery; Medicine; Risk analysis (engineering); Drug; Computer science; Computational biology; Biology; Pharmacology; Proteomics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008800378,0.0001253408,0.0002263382,0.0002798041,0.00009177154,0.00002613277,0.00009015319,0.00005028269,0.00001590695],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002245146,0.00008194728,0.00002697496,0.0001474293,0.0001547632,0.0001230586,0.00005054065,0.0002617695,8.082037e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001088546,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009031544,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006157174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000332509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984997,0.00005247896,0.0002989559,0.0001800023,0.0008143143,0.0001545841],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992038,0.00006328503,0.0001236098,0.0000545743,0.0004381238,0.0001165916],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.004523696,0.0008182569,0.02833332,0.0004473138,0.00100555,0.0003096586,0.04148472,0.00006977021,0.005829263,0.01924985,0.03011656,0.867812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002102212,0.0001110066,0.8854828,0.0009493502,0.00001870483,0.000265647,0.0005186439,0.00004363193,0.001481497,0.001907784,0.1069947,0.0001240356],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8624738,0.03473168,0.000002689931,0.09682009,0.0003355528,0.0003056258,0.000006180423,0.000005435363,0.005318939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9847209,0.01209502,0.001213053,0.001227792,0.0001675933,0.00001143475,5.02289e-7,0.000007750017,0.0005559364],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.867688,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3341713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.138473225469016,"score_gpt":0.4302700547783281,"score_spread":0.2917968293093121,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}