{"id":"W2132798430","doi":"10.1177/0741713612442804","title":"Language Acquisition Among Adult Immigrants in Canada","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Adult Education Quarterly","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Language acquisition; Social capital; Capital (architecture); Second-language acquisition; Perspective (graphical); Sociology; Human capital; Field (mathematics); First language; Demographic economics; Political science; Psychology; Economic growth; Linguistics; Social science; Economics; Computer science; Mathematics education; Geography; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004004941,0.0002317149,0.00026693,0.001029266,0.002878184,0.001202672,0.0006701531,0.0004020628,0.001661071],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00159462,0.0002173759,0.0002354824,0.001683885,0.0006699932,0.0004701436,0.001182165,0.0007486713,0.00025794],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01120953,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0146713,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.98032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9891865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994969,0.00002681863,0.00002418764,0.00005982348,0.0001387347,0.0002535429],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990184,0.00004838378,0.0001917359,0.00001723394,0.0004116792,0.000312499],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000701352,0.0001100032,0.9752839,0.00002850947,0.00001487092,0.0002919687,0.009437745,0.00006462347,0.000370597,0.0001317038,0.0007943881,0.01340149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000252474,0.00003940239,0.9907008,0.00002696137,0.00000579945,0.00007946767,0.008067813,0.00007810747,0.0000627637,0.00001596138,0.0009111582,0.000009139953],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986361,0.000161879,0.00001074246,0.00009892933,0.000003380433,0.000008912474,0.0002231402,0.000001900935,0.0008550041],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997611,0.0004083345,0.00003469373,0.00006930734,0.000002506427,0.000007494321,0.0002930377,0.000001718246,0.001571774],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01968002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08133125,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003604957679295659,"score_gpt":0.2583719666486022,"score_spread":0.2547670089693065,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}