{"id":"W2133263811","doi":"10.3386/w16820","title":"The Geography of Crowdfunding","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"report","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":561,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Geographical distance; The Internet; Business; Economic geography; Finance; Entrepreneurial finance; Marketing; Economics; Entrepreneurship; Sociology; World Wide Web; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006971286,0.0001562937,0.0003280106,0.001025434,0.0002634233,0.0001418741,0.0009545883,0.0002385758,0.0005471504],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001270261,0.0001244303,0.0002815766,0.0002663998,0.0004726429,0.0004172513,0.0005539142,0.0005376395,0.0001891998],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002316625,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000763007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001946179,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001303167,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974471,0.0000268168,0.0006324541,0.0002885909,0.001255517,0.0003494663],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963019,0.0005421553,0.0006470825,0.0003115252,0.002183584,0.00001369208],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005424424,0.00005835388,0.006854129,0.0004161424,0.0002271182,0.000001437777,0.000007931955,0.00001452155,0.00003079628,0.8599148,0.1305513,0.001869176],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002093566,0.00001893863,0.006374369,0.0001365354,0.00002574966,0.000002231078,0.00003644228,0.0001101287,0.00008442056,0.6030202,0.389816,0.0001655834],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005023453,0.001527651,0.000003096111,0.0004269075,0.001154991,0.0004211225,0.00002199199,0.00001415639,0.9914066],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9921535,0.001359888,0.00002261345,0.00002806506,0.003562983,0.00006759258,0.0002387942,0.0000388183,0.00252777],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9888788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5990913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4115651028877476,"score_gpt":0.4741314913291245,"score_spread":0.06256638844137685,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}