{"id":"W2133481869","doi":"10.1111/jeb.12253","title":"How to distinguish altruism from spite (and why we should bother)","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Altruism (biology); Biology; Action (physics); Adaptation (eye); Inclusive fitness; Neighbourhood (mathematics); Evolutionary biology; Cognitive psychology; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004166147,0.0003801459,0.0005279447,0.000425845,0.001667464,0.003266822,0.0008647104,0.003522402,0.00272595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008370663,0.0002235924,0.000382598,0.0002602991,0.02108554,0.005626339,0.001805632,0.003718478,0.001264809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009921815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001161569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001541419,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001778406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982113,0.0008623836,0.00009916886,0.0003519619,0.0002883273,0.0001870053],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969157,0.001168826,0.0005638456,0.0004617258,0.0004763416,0.0004135184],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003614899,0.00001392836,0.00136836,0.00007163741,0.00001829047,0.00008211116,0.002328462,0.0002852235,0.0007303887,0.9720138,0.007485956,0.01556576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001219208,0.00002181826,0.001626469,0.00007885222,0.00001099802,0.0002884473,0.001010065,0.0006386421,0.0004002289,0.9527319,0.04314763,0.00003279654],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09569596,0.0194536,0.2881109,0.3385103,0.007775365,0.0001277107,0.0002675484,0.0004628237,0.2495959],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9290301,0.002678243,0.03273102,0.01861626,0.0009507883,0.0001321262,0.00004709343,0.0001823917,0.01563188],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004166147,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02203292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02901422238955347,"score_gpt":0.2946623388029097,"score_spread":0.2656481164133562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}