{"id":"W2133685987","doi":"10.1016/j.jue.2008.03.001","title":"Ownership forms matter for airport efficiency: A stochastic frontier investigation of worldwide airports","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Urban Economics","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":51,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Washington State University","keywords":"Frontier; Business; Government (linguistics); Panel data; Stochastic frontier analysis; Port (circuit theory); Car ownership; Finance; Public ownership; Private sector; Aviation; Industrial organization; Public economics; Public transport; Economics; Transport engineering; Economic growth; Geography; Microeconomics; Engineering; Econometrics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001555437,0.000448586,0.0008190196,0.0007593604,0.0004531509,0.002708176,0.0006123176,0.0009351951,0.00563709],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008908925,0.0003696122,0.001213138,0.001232401,0.0009144137,0.002756338,0.0008779253,0.001223332,0.0003262208],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009551758,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006257056,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01325412,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01330369,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996482,0.0001032496,0.0000203834,0.00005251283,0.00003746314,0.0001382273],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9908974,0.005954539,0.001565313,0.0004794427,0.0004795586,0.0006238708],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006791721,0.000460795,0.6460297,0.0000866312,0.0006534709,0.001005021,0.001054493,0.2782098,0.003574723,0.04721338,0.001602217,0.0194306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001053669,0.0005859202,0.5225726,0.00006367654,0.0006909486,0.0004459136,0.004989038,0.4257902,0.001548998,0.04117441,0.00192557,0.0001073514],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975291,0.00007617317,0.001558473,0.00007922297,0.000001680155,0.000004872412,0.00007190566,0.000004900503,0.0006737232],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993501,0.00004755278,0.0001392994,0.000004739366,0.000003100094,0.000001866538,0.00006991193,0.000004995839,0.0003783991],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01325412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0263539,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03781558285726603,"score_gpt":0.2083125901863687,"score_spread":0.1704970073291027,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}