{"id":"W2133823800","doi":"10.1109/tbme.2005.847548","title":"Interactive Simulation of Needle Insertion Models","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","topic":"Soft Robotics and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":228,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Haptic technology; Simulation; Computer science; Virtual reality; Deflection (physics); Planar; Interactive simulation; Torque; Displacement (psychology); Biomedical engineering; Materials science; Computer graphics (images); Engineering; Physics; Artificial intelligence; Optics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004298449,0.0001157795,0.0001225622,0.0002068931,0.00002856583,0.000008544599,0.00007728271,0.00008930015,0.00004260874],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000003274337,0.0001230869,0.00006472609,0.0003009615,0.00002109692,0.0001697888,5.824778e-7,0.000186999,0.0000238583],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008214744,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007701782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004904998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001431732,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993481,0.00000349956,0.0002407936,0.0001071312,0.0001570786,0.0001434172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996253,0.00009971036,0.00001792262,0.0001377319,0.00002960375,0.00008970842],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004118024,0.00006882365,1.472445e-7,0.00001780802,0.00002770592,1.751425e-7,0.000127422,0.9576622,0.01891639,0.00006952185,0.00001806175,0.02308768],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001916858,0.00002559939,0.00001856385,0.00003526967,0.00001424551,0.000001361609,0.00001532169,0.9713995,0.02702321,0.00003549058,0.001130402,0.000109307],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03541365,0.00002439893,0.9636613,0.00006621172,0.0002563575,0.000100181,0.0000165043,0.0003008675,0.0001605262],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946557,0.0000319717,0.005143876,0.00001556578,0.00006971541,0.00003183289,0.000005345906,0.00002823171,0.00001773069],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9592421,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5019338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01229162444242921,"score_gpt":0.2275482597079799,"score_spread":0.2152566352655507,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}